| Paper 1611-b | The Role of Natural-Geographical and Ecological Factors in Selecting the Centre of Azerbaijan by the Mongol Ilkhanate Dynasty
(Language: English)
Nurlan Nasirov, History Department, Western Caspian University, Baku
Index terms: Economics - Rural, Geography and Settlement Studies, Military History, Social History |
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| Paper 1611-c | Herding Climates: Pastoralism and Seasonal Herding Routines in the 15th-Century Eastern Adriatic
(Language: English)
Fabian Kümmeler, Sonderforschungsbereich Project 'Visions of Community' / Institut für Osteuropäische Geschichte, Universität Wien
Index terms: Administration, Daily Life, Economics - Rural, Social History |
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| Abstract | Paper -a:
The article discusses the influence of climate change on the disintegration of the Golden Horde in the 15th century and the following years of 1501 and 1502. So far, climate change has been largely ignored, despite its significant role in the disintegration of the Ulus Juci. To illustrate this, selected Russian chronicles were systematically searched for predefined keywords. The resulting data was used to create graphs, which show the development of temperature and precipitation in the South Russian steppe. Historiographical sources, in conjunction with various climate studies, were used in order to classify the results. The author concludes that climate change was one of the fundamental aspects leading to the decline of the Golden Horde.
Paper -b:
In the middle of the 13th century the Mongols, who had established a dynasty called the Ilkhanate in the Caucasian geography. When we look at the geography covered of this dynasty, it is noteworthy that Azerbaijan was selected as the main core of administrative center of the state. Primary sources suggest that beside the political and economic aspects, as well as geographical and environmental factors played a role selected of a major administrative center of Azerbaijan geography by Mongol ulus. In the article we attempt to analyze the natural-geographical and ecological aspects of why the Azerbaijan was selected as the main center (orda) of the Ilkhanate which ruled the Caucasus region for about hundred years.
Paper -c:
Whereas Vlachs/Morlachs followed seasonal patterns of transhumance on the late medieval Balkan mainland, the Eastern Adriatic islands witnessed rather local forms of pastoralism. This paper explores seasonal routines of sedentary pastoral communities in Venetian Dalmatia, particularly examining the social and environmental herding climates on the island of Korčula (Curzola) in the 15th century. Based on administrative and juridical sources compiled under Venetian suzerainty, the paper assays both the governance and the seasonal practices of pastoralism on the island. Furthermore, it highlights the conflict dynamics between pastoralists, village communities, and Venetian governance in the late medieval Eastern Adriatic.
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