| Paper 243-b | The Stucco Technique between Islamic and Byzantine Culture: A Case Study of Khirbat al-Mafjar and Some Monuments in Italy
(Language: English)
Siyana Georgieva, Dipartimento dei Beni Culturali: Archeologia, Storia dell'Arte, del Cinema e della Musica (DBC), Università degli Studi di Padova
Index terms: Architecture - Religious, Art History - Decorative Arts, Art History - General, Byzantine Studies |
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| Abstract | Paper -a:
Rhètorikè is one of the terms that has entered in the works of the Islamic scholars around the 8th century CE and some independent and semi-independent works in the Islamic world have been written on its topic since then. The process of translating rhètorikè in the Islamic world indicates that the unknown translator of Aristotle's Rhetoric and some of the first commentators of this text have in many instances refrained from translating the term rhètorikè. In the other 8th century works of commentators that have dedicated segments of their books to rhetoric, this term has been often translated to 'eloquence'. However, as Muslim's familiarity with Aristotle's Rhetoric increased, from 10th century CE onwards, in almost all the Islamic texts rhètorikè has been translated to the art of oratory. This translation process indicates the development of understanding Aristotle's Rhetoric in the Islamic world. This papers argues that the obscurities in the first Islamic works on rhetoric is partially due to misunderstanding the term rhètorikè.
Paper -b:
Abstract this paper aims to explore some of the aspects involved in the dynamics of the interaction between monotheistic religion and iconoclasm has its basis in a process of optimize of both religious experience and worldview. Absences of figural or fauna form in Islamic design is often associated with a reductive reading and assumptions surrounding Islam's iconophobic and the doctrine Byzantine 'iconoclasm' they were one of the most influential movements of the Middle Ages, and its repercussions are felt to this day. Firstly, I will show in what sense the prohibition on images is one of the most striking aspects of monotheism and chronological facts. Through analysis of several seeming iconoclastic erasures made to floor mosaics in Christian mosaics in Jordan and the Balkans, I explore potential reasonings and results of the eventual disengagement from the figurative image. How they compare it the more archaic religious attitude of polytheism. Finally, I will try to argue that the shift from polytheism to monotheism, especially regarding the role of images, it is not an incidental one but lies on a process of rationalization of consciousness and religion.
Paper-c:
Axis Mundi is the connection between the physical world and the cosmos; the higher and lower realms. In ancient cosmography there were seven heavenly bodies; seven spheres that were reflected by the physical being. The seven-celled uterus doctrine posits that the uterus was made of seven chambers. While this doctrine was never believed by ordinary people, the myth appeared in medical texts well past the acceptance of heliocentric theory. This paper argues that the seven-celled doctrine represented an entangled moment where ancient cosmology continued to blend with advanced anatomical investigation despite conscious efforts to break with ancient paradigms.
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